Abani Shankar Nayak

Scientific Staff

Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam

An der Sternwarte 16, 14482 Potsdam

Germany

Research work

Astronomical Instrumentation

In the realm of astronomical instrumentation, the primary challenge lies in the detection and analysis of incredibly faint signals from distant celestial bodies. My research focuses on developing high-precision optical components and photonic solutions designed to enhance the sensitivity and spatial resolution of modern observatories. By integrating advanced interferometric and spectroscopic technologies, I contribute to the architecture of instruments capable of exoplanet detection, stellar atmosphere characterization, and deep-space observation.A central pillar of my work is bridging the gap between integrated photonics and large-scale observatory hardware through 'astrophotonics.' By utilizing photonic chips to perform complex tasks such as multi-beam combining and high-resolution spectroscopy, we can replace traditionally bulky optical trains. This miniaturization significantly reduces the mechanical weight and thermal footprint of the instrument while enabling a level of phase control and light manipulation previously unattainable—paving the way for the next generation of ground-based and space-borne telescopes.

Optics

I am an experimental optics researcher dedicated to the hands-on development of advanced optical systems. My expertise ranges from characterizing large-scale astronomical setups to the delicate task of launching light into micro- and nano-waveguides. By combining a deep understanding of classical optics with modern nanofabrication needs, I build the hardware that makes next-generation photonic research possible.

Integrated Photonics

Integrated photonics miniaturizes complex optical functions onto a single chip, mirroring the revolutionary impact of electronic integrated circuits on modern computing. My research focuses on the design and characterization of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) that manipulate light within high-confinement waveguide structures across platforms such as Silicon, Silica, and Lithium Niobate. By optimizing the interface between bulk optics and micro-scale chips, I aim to achieve high-efficiency light coupling while precisely managing critical parameters like polarization sensitivity, mode field diameter, operating wavelength, and numerical aperture. This rigorous characterization is foundational for advancing the next generation of high-speed telecommunications, quantum optics, and precision astronomical instrumentation.

Integrated Quantum Photonics

Integrated quantum photonics transitions complex quantum optics experiments from expansive optical tables onto compact, scalable chips. My work in this field focuses on developing high-efficiency, on-chip single-photon sources—a critical component for the advancement of quantum computing and secure communications. I leverage the unique properties of Thin-Film Lithium Niobate (TFLN), utilizing its high second-order non-linearity and superior electro-optic effect to engineer high-performance photonic states. Specifically, my expertise lies in the design and characterization of heralded single-photon sources via non-linear frequency conversion, providing a robust architecture for integration into large-scale quantum networks.

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